In electrical and fluid systems, a Manifold is a structure that distributes or collects flow from multiple sources. - In electrical applications, a manifold may refer to a junction or distribution block used in complex wiring systems or pneumatic and hydraulic control panels. - In fluid systems, such as HVAC, fuel systems, and hydraulics, a manifold directs liquids or gases through multiple outlets or inlets. Manifolds help improve efficiency, organization, and control in both electrical and mechanical systems by ensuring smooth distribution of power, air, or fluids.

MCC (Motor Control Center) is an assembly of electrical components used to control, protect, and operate multiple electric motors in industrial and commercial applications. An MCC typically includes circuit breakers, contactors, overload relays, and motor starters, housed in a modular enclosure. It provides centralized motor control, improving safety, maintenance, and system efficiency. MCCs are widely used in manufacturing, water treatment plants, HVAC systems, and power distribution networks to manage motor-driven equipment efficiently while ensuring protection against faults and overloads.

MCCB (Molded Case Circuit Breaker) is a type of circuit breaker designed to protect electrical circuits from overloads and short circuits. Unlike standard breakers, MCCBs have adjustable trip settings and can handle higher currents, typically ranging from 100A to 2,500A. They are commonly used in industrial and commercial electrical systems to safeguard motors, transformers, and distribution panels. MCCBs provide reliable protection and are resettable, making them essential for ensuring system safety, continuity, and fault isolation in power networks.

A Microgrid is a small-scale, self-sufficient energy system that can operate independently or in connection with the main power grid. It typically includes distributed energy resources (DERs) like solar panels, wind turbines, batteries, and backup generators to provide localized electricity. Microgrids enhance energy resilience, reliability, and efficiency, making them ideal for remote areas, industrial sites, military bases, and emergency backup systems. They help integrate renewable energy, reduce reliance on fossil fuels, and improve power stability, especially during grid failures or peak demand periods.

MV (Medium Voltage) refers to electrical systems operating between 1 kV (1,000 volts) and 69 kV, depending on regional standards. Medium voltage is commonly used in power distribution networks, industrial facilities, and large commercial buildings to efficiently transport electricity from substations to smaller transformers or end users. Proper insulation, safety measures, and switchgear are essential in MV systems to prevent electrical hazards. MV equipment includes switchgear, circuit breakers, transformers, and cables, playing a crucial role in reliable and efficient power distribution.

MVA (Megavolt-Ampere) is a unit of apparent power in an electrical system, equal to 1,000 kVA (kilovolt-amperes) or 1 million volt-amperes. Apparent power includes both real power (MW), which performs useful work, and reactive power (MVAr), which supports voltage regulation. MVA ratings are used for large electrical equipment like transformers, generators, and substations to indicate their total power capacity.

MVAr (Megavolt-Ampere Reactive) is the unit of reactive power in an AC electrical system. Reactive power is essential for maintaining voltage levels and supporting inductive loads such as motors and transformers. It does not perform useful work but helps regulate power flow and prevent voltage instability. Managing MVAr effectively through capacitor banks, synchronous condensers, and FACTS devices improves power factor, reduces losses, and enhances grid efficiency, ensuring stable and reliable electricity distribution.

MW (Megawatt) is a unit of real power, equal to 1 million watts (W) or 1,000 kilowatts (kW). It represents the actual power that performs useful work, such as running electrical appliances, machinery, and industrial processes. MW is commonly used to measure the output of power plants, electrical grids, and large-scale industrial loads.